Fabula
Season 1 · Episode 4
S1E4
Bittersweet
View Graph

Five Votes Down

When President Bartlet's gun-control bill is suddenly five votes short, Chief of Staff Leo McGarry mounts a desperate, high-stakes campaign—pushing staff, confronting recalcitrant congressmen, and enlisting the Vice President—while his marriage unravels.

A celebratory presidential speech fractures into crisis when Bartlet, buoyant in a ballroom, reminds Americans to call their representatives and declares victory, while backstage Leo answers a terse, terrifying report: 'We lost five votes.' That single line detonates a 72-hour scramble to salvage bill 802, a gun-control measure the administration has staked political capital on.

The staff snaps into motion with jagged efficiency. In the Roosevelt Room and the communications bullpen, Josh Lyman, Sam Seaborn, Toby Ziegler, C.J. Cregg, Mandy, and Leo triangulate who has defected—Katzenmoyer, O'Bannon, Wick and two likely swingers, Tillinghouse and LeBrandt. They move between blunt intimidation and delicate politics: Josh storms the Capitol, browbeating Congressman Katzenmoyer with the real threat of engineered primary opposition and vivid promises of presidential attention in his district. He snarls that incumbency is not a protection: 'You're going to lose in the primary,' he tells him, and then builds a frankly brutal, personal argument to pull votes back in line.

Josh's streetwise tactics collide with institutional limits. Leo resists relying on the Vice President, John Hoynes, but the arithmetic forces an accommodation: Tillinghouse looks critical, and Richardson, an imposing African American congressman, refuses to be browbeaten. Leo walks the Lincoln Memorial with Richardson and hears a blistering rebuke: the bill, Richardson argues, is cosmetic and poorly targeted toward saving black lives. He demands a law that 'can save some lives' rather than political theater. Leo's plea that 'the bodies being wheeled into the emergency room are black' meets Richardson's contempt for half-measures, underlining the policy's moral stakes and the gulf between legislative compromise and community pain.

While political levers grind, Leo's private life dissolves. He forgets his anniversary, and Jenny, exhausted by the White House's relentlessness, packs a choker he bought and leaves for the Watergate. The personal cost of political obsession becomes visceral: Leo, who tells Jenny 'This is the most important thing I'll ever do,' watches their marriage fracture, as the administration's hunger for victory empties his home of intimacy.

Toby confronts a separate catastrophe: a stock he bought for $5,000 ballooned to $125,000 after testimony by his boyhood friend, Theodore McGregor. White House counsel Leela warns that the optics—and possibly the law—are perilous. Toby, who insists he 'didn't know' what McGregor would say, faces the twin threats of criminal exposure and public scandal. Sam counsels legal caution and PR triage; C.J. deflects press questions about the disclosures with gallows humor, spinning the public narrative to blunt the sting. The administration must simultaneously put out fires and keep the larger legislative fight alive.

Josh runs a series of one-on-one confrontations. In the Mural Room he strips Congressman Chris Wick of excuses, deriding the adolescent impulse behind Wick's defection—wanting a 'photo op' or a 'round of golf' with the president—and reminds him of who elevated him in the first place. Josh mixes threats and patronage promises, offering nothing in the way of policy concessions but dangling career capital. The strategy yields results: Katzenmoyer, O'Bannon, and LeBrandt return, and Josh claims four of the five votes.

The episode pivots on whether Leo will accept help from Hoynes. Leo, proud and wary, is reluctant to involve the Vice President politically; still, with Tillinghouse pivotal, he goes to Hoynes. In Hoynes' office, a weary, pragmatic exchange occurs—Hoynes comforts Leo about his crumbling marriage and nonchalantly agrees to 'see Tillinghouse' and deliver the swing vote, telling Leo it is 'in the bag.' The victory looks possible, but the gain exacts a price: Leo's personal life lies in tatters, Toby is facing legal and reputational jeopardy, and Richardson's principled refusal exposes deeper policy weaknesses and racial tensions surrounding the bill.

The narrative closes on a sharp, ambivalent note: the White House reclaims political control through hard, sometimes ugly bargaining, but not without collateral damage. Leo secures a promise from Hoynes and mobilizes the staff to finish the fight; Josh, bruised but effective, uses raw political muscle to corral defectors; Toby braces for an uncertain legal fight; and Jenny leaves, leaving Leo to confront what the pursuit of power has cost him. The episode interrogates the moral temperature of governance—how persuasion hardens into coercion, how policy compromises collide with conscience, and how the engines of American politics demand personal sacrifices often paid in private currency. Victory looms, but the price is unmistakable: political success shadowed by fractured relationships, threatened reputations, and the lingering question of whether passing a bill is enough when the deeper issues remain unresolved.


Events in This Episode

The narrative beats that drive the story

29
Act 1

The West Wing pulses with the immediate aftermath of an international crisis, its usually precise gears grinding under the weight of mounting pressure. Josh Lyman, deputy chief of staff, finds himself ensnared in the opening volley of C.J. Cregg's formidable wrath. Donna, Josh's sharp-witted assistant, offers tantalizing, cryptic hints about C.J.'s fury: something involving Sam Seaborn, a mysterious woman, and C.J.'s exclusion from crucial information. Josh, ever the strategist, attempts to devise an escape, a "professional" maneuver to avoid the inevitable confrontation. Yet, C.J.'s presence, already entrenched in his office, renders his efforts futile. Her single, scathing accusation—"Wow, are you stupid!"—shatters any illusion of control, immediately plunging the audience into the fast-paced, high-stakes environment where personal indiscretions threaten to collide with national security. This opening thrusts the audience directly into the heart of the White House, establishing the sharp wit and rapid-fire dialogue that defines the show, while raising immediate stakes for key characters. The teaser ignites the central conflict of public perception versus private integrity, a theme that will resonate throughout the episode, setting a tone of urgency and simmering tension that promises a dramatic unraveling.

Act 2

The West Wing ignites with the twin fires of national crisis and personal scandal. C.J. unleashes her full fury on Josh, dissecting Sam's entanglement with a call girl, emphasizing the brutal calculus of public perception over private conduct. Josh attempts to downplay the severity, but C.J.'s sharp retort—"none of that matters on Hard Copy!"—cuts through his rationalizations, exposing the vulnerability of their positions. Simultaneously, President Bartlet's simmering rage over the downed airliner boils over, his impatience with "candy ass" military responses palpable. He personalizes the attack, demanding immediate, decisive action, clashing with Leo's pragmatic counsel. Toby Ziegler, fueled by righteous indignation, pushes for legal action against a Congressman who publicly threatens the President, only to be reined in by Leo's strategic focus on the impending military strike. The communications team scrambles to prepare a presidential address, grappling with the unknown parameters of the retaliation, as Toby deftly deflects press inquiries, maintaining a fragile veil of secrecy. This act propels both narrative threads forward, establishing the immense pressure on the administration to act decisively on the global stage while simultaneously battling internal and external threats to its integrity.

Act 3

The tension coils tighter as C.J. confronts Sam, words becoming weapons in a clash between integrity and optics. Sam fiercely defends his relationship with the call girl, arguing for "being good" over "looking good," challenging C.J.'s pragmatic, protective instincts. C.J. demands his absolute trust, insisting she must be his first call to shield both him and the President from scandal. Their exchange, sharp and emotionally charged, exposes the deep fault lines between personal conviction and political necessity. Simultaneously, President Bartlet convenes the National Security team, his impatience a live wire in the Situation Room. Admiral Fitzwallace presents "Pericles One," a proportional military response, but Bartlet dismisses it as mere "bookkeeping." He pounds the table, demanding a "disproportional response," a "total disaster" for any who harm an American, refusing to accept a ritualized retaliation. His raw grief and fury drive him to demand overwhelming force, shocking his military advisors. In a quieter corner, Josh interviews Charlie Young, a nervous applicant for a messenger job, whose unexpected vetting for the President's personal aide reveals a poignant backstory: his mother, a uniformed police officer, killed on duty five months prior, leaving him responsible for his younger sister. This act escalates both the personal and national crises, revealing the emotional core driving Bartlet's demands and introducing a character whose personal tragedy resonates deeply with the episode's themes of loss and responsibility.

Act 4

The administration reaches its agonizing moment of decision, as the weight of global consequences presses down on President Bartlet. He returns to the Situation Room, where Admiral Fitzwallace presents a brutal, disproportional option: striking Hassan airport, risking thousands of civilian casualties. Bartlet, despite his earlier rage, recoils from such devastation, recognizing the catastrophic political and moral cost. With a heavy sigh, he accepts "Pericles One," the proportional strike he initially scorned, giving the "go order" with a palpable sense of resignation, questioning the very purpose of their actions. Meanwhile, the personal scandal intensifies. Josh continues to vet Charlie, but Sam intervenes, fiercely defending Charlie's privacy against intrusive questions, arguing for "principle" over the relentless scrutiny of public life. This clash underscores the pervasive tension between personal freedom and the demands of high office. As the military action unfolds, Leo informs the staff of the strike, setting Toby, Sam, and C.J. in motion to craft the President's address. The press, sensing the impending action, circles like sharks. Danny Concannon confronts C.J., revealing his knowledge of Sam's involvement with the call girl, threatening to break the story. C.J., in a powerful display of loyalty and conviction, defends Sam, vowing to stand by him, drawing a clear line against the "character cops" and the media's insatiable hunger for scandal. This act marks the critical turning point, where the President makes his difficult choice, and the Sam scandal explodes into the public sphere, forcing C.J. to take a definitive stand.

Act 5

The West Wing pulses with the immediate aftermath of the strike and the preparations for the President's address. Josh, sidelined and restless, finds a moment of unexpected connection with Mandy, who offers a poignant reminder of the human cost of leadership. Their exchange, laced with past animosity and present understanding, highlights the emotional toll of their work. C.J., facing down Danny Concannon, strategically manages the Sam scandal, securing a temporary truce while warning of future "character cops." Her decision to give Danny a tip about the strike underscores her commitment to both protecting her staff and managing the narrative. In the Oval Office, chaos reigns as Bartlet struggles to prepare for his address, his frustration over missing glasses and the lack of battle damage assessments palpable. Charlie Young, in a moment of quiet brilliance, helps Bartlet locate his glasses, subtly demonstrating his keen observation and value. Leo, stepping into the breach, delivers a powerful, unvarnished counsel to Bartlet, reminding him of the measured responsibility of a superpower and the "merciful" nature of their chosen response, ultimately guiding the President towards acceptance. Bartlet, moved by Charlie's story, swiftly hires him, connecting the young man's personal tragedy to the administration's broader mission against street violence. As the nation watches, Bartlet delivers his address, grounding the global act of war in a clear moral denunciation, announcing the "unwarranted, unprovoked, and cold-blooded" strikes. The episode concludes with the successful launch of Pericles One, the President's resolute address, and Charlie's quiet integration into the heart of the West Wing, symbolizing the enduring human element amidst the machinery of state.